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Algebra
BINOMIALS - Lesson (A) Multiplying Binomials by Binomials - FOIL Method (Grades 9-10) In this lesson, students will learn how to multiply binomials by binomials by using the FOIL method. The FOIL method allows us to multiply binomials by first multiplying the (F)first terms, the (O)outer terms, the (I)inner terms, and the (L)last terms.
BINOMIALS - Lesson (B) Conjugate Binomials (Grades 9-10) In this video, students will learn that when we have a conjugate binomial (x+a)(x-a) the answer always results in the form 'x squared - a squared'. This lesson shows students how to use the shortcut to multiply certian types of binomials. An understanding of the FOIL method (see the video before this one) is essential before watching this video.
BINOMIALS - Lesson (C) Factoring Binomials (Grades 9-10) Factoring binomials is like distributing a monomial into a binomial but working backwards. It is recommended that students have a thorough understanding of finding the greatest common factor (see video) before watching this lesson.
DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY - Addition (Grade 9) The distributive property states that for any numbers a, b, c, c(a+b) = c(a) + c(b). In this lesson, students will learn how to isolate the variable. They will first learn how to simplify both sides by using the distributive property. Students will then learn how to check their answer by replacing the variable in the original question with the answer.
INEQUALITIES - Lesson (A) Adding and Inequalities (Grade 9) Working with inequalities follows the same algebra rules as when working with equalities. In this lesson, students will learn how to 1) Isolate the variable and 2) Check their answers.
INEQUALITIES - Lesson (B) Subtraction (Negative Sign) (Grade 9) Students will learn that when both sides of an equation are multiplied or divided by the same negative number, the inequality sign is reversed. This lesson emphasizes the reversal of the inequality sign in equations.
POLYNOMIALS - Lesson (A) Adding Polynomials (Grades 9-10) When adding polynomials, we must group like terms and simplify. In this video, students will be taught how to group like terms (with the aid of colors) and simplify them accordingly.
POLYNOMIALS - Lesson (B) Subtracting Polynomials (Grades 9-10) When subtracting polynomials, we group like terms and simplify. More importantly, we must 'distribute' the subtraction sign into the second polynomial. This video shows students how to change the subtraction sign to a positive sign and distribute the subtraction sign into the second polynomial. It is strongly recommended that students watch the video on 'distributive property' before watching this video.
POLYNOMIALS - Lesson (C) Multiplying Polynomials by Monomials (Grades 9-10) In this video, students will learn how to distrubute terms to multiply polynomials by monomials. It is recommended that students watch the video on 'distributive property' before watching this video.
POLYNOMIALS - Lesson (D) Dividing Polynomials by Monomials (Grades 9-10) When dividing a polynomial by a monomial, you must divide each term in the polynomial by the monomial. In this lesson, students will learn to first divide each term in the polynomial by the monomial, second, write the polynomial in descending order, and third, get rid of the negative sign at the beginning of the polynomial. It is suggested that students watch this video several times before attempting the worksheet. It is highly recommended that students have a thorough understanding of how to divide powers before watching this video.
POLYNOMIALS - Lesson (E) Factoring Polynomials with a Monomial Factor (Grades 9-10) In order to factor a polynomial with a monomial factor, students will learn that they must first factor the binomial to simplify the expression and then plug in the variables. It is strongly recommended that students have a thorough understanding of how to factor binomials before watching this video.
POLYNOMIALS - Lesson (F) Factoring Polynomials with a Binomial Factor (Grades 9-10) When factoring polynomials with a binomial factor, the greatest common factor will be a binomial. For example, in 3(y+2)- 5(y+2), the common factor is the binomial (y+2). Students will then learn how to divide the polynomial by the common factor (the binomial) and express it as a product of the binomial.
TRINOMIALS - Factoring Trinomials (Grades 9-10) Factoring trinomials is an intricate lesson. Students MUST know how to factor polynomials with a binomial factor and find a binomial common factor before watching this video.
VARIABLES - Lesson (A) Variables and Equations - Multiplication and Division (Grade 9) Students are reminded that what they do to one side of an equation, they must do to the other side. Also, students are shown that they must isolate the variable in the question (e.g. x, or y). Students are shown how to check their answers by replacing the variable in the oringinal question with their answer. It is recommended that students have a good understanding of multiplying fractions using reciprocals (see video).
VARIABLES - Lesson (B) Equations with Fractions (Grade 9) In this lesson, students will learn that in order to eliminate the fraction, they must multiply both sides of the equation by the denominator. Students will also be shown how to isolate the variable and check that their answer is correct. This lesson places emphasis on eliminating the fraction in the equation.
VARIABLES - Lesson (C) Solving Equations with Variable on Both Sides/ First Degree Equations (9-10) In this lesson, students will learn that in order to solve equations with variables on both sides, they must get rid of one variable. Students are shown how to get rid of the variable on the right side of the equation (students are often reminded that what they do on one side of the equation, they must do on the other side) then the left side. Students are shown how to solve the equation by isolating the variable. It is recommended that students watch the lesson on 'solving problems with variables' before watching this video lesson.

Data / Probability
CHARTS - Pie Charts (Grade 4) This lesson introduces students to pie charts. A pie chart shows data from a given set, but it does not include numbers. A pie chart only gives information about the size of the data. In this lesson, students are shown to divide a pie chart into fractions in order to determine which set of data is greater (e.g. 1/2 of students may like video games while 1/4 of students may like board games).
DATA - Lesson (A) Understanding Data (Grades 1-2) This video lesson teaches students how to comprehend a given set of data in a chart. Students are taught to look at the length of bars in a bar graph and determine which category is the greatest and least. Students are also shown how to figure out the total number of data that has been presented in a graph.
DATA - Lesson (B) Organizing and Sorting Data (Grades 1-2) Students are taught how to take data, sort it into categories, and organize it into a chart. In this video, students are shown how to sort colored balls and organize them into a chart showing 'Color of Balls' and 'Number of Balls'. They will then have the opportunity to organize and sort data using the worksheet.
DATA - Lesson (C) Mean and Mode (Grades 4-5) When we add up a set of numbers and divide by the amount of numbers there are in the set, we get an average, or mean (e.g. in 3,2,2,1 the mean is 2). The mode is the number that occurs most often in a group of numbers (e.g. 4,6,2,9,6,3,6 the mode is 6). In this lesson, students will learn how to find the mean and mode in sets of numbers.
DATA - Lesson (D) Mean, Median, and Mode (Grades 4-6) The mean is the sum of a set of numbers divided by the number of numbers in the set. The median is the middle value of a set of numbers. When there is an even amount of numbers, the median is the mean of the two middle numbers. The mode is the number that occurs most often. There can be more than one mode, or there can be no mode.
GRAPHS - Lesson (A) Introduction to Graphs (Grades 1-2) Graphs show information. They may have pictures, numbers, symbols and real objects. Graphs also have titles and labels. This lesson introduces students to basic graphs by showing students how to read simple data. Students are also taught how to read bar graphs and interpret the data as well.
GRAPHS - Lesson (B) Displaying Data on a Graph (Grades 1-2) This lesson teaches young students how to gather data and display it on a graph. The lesson focuses on a title, labels on the x and y axis (bottom and side of graph), and the proper placement of bars to show the information (data).
GRAPHS - Lesson (C) Reading Different Types of Graphs (Grades 2-3) In this video lesson, students will learn how to read both a bar graph and pictograph. Similarities and differences between these two types of graphs will be shown, as well, students will learn how to compare data and interpret information.
GRAPHS - Lesson (D) Interpreting Graphs (Grade 3) In this lesson, students will learn how to read the data from a graph and answer questions. They will be able to determine the largest and smallest bits of information, as well, they will be able to compare the data in order to interpret the graph.
GRAPHS - Lesson (E) Creating a Complete Graph (Grade 3) This is a very important lesson in the graphing subject area. In it, students will learn to include all relevant elements of graphs including: a title, 2 labels, a scale (numbers), and bars showing the actual data. Students will have the opportunity to organize data and create their own graph by using the worksheet that accompanies this lesson.
GRAPHS - Lesson (F) Introduction to Pictographs (Grades 4-5) A pictograph uses symbols to represent a number of items. Students are shown a pictograph in this video whereby they are guided to ask and answer questions in order to gain a better understanding of the concept. This video also focuses on the pictograph's "scale" which indicates the number that is represented by the symbol (e.g. if the pictograph is about birds, the scale would have a picture of a bird's wing and indicate that each wing represents 5 birds). Students will then have the opportunity to create their own pictograh by using the worksheet at the end of this lesson.
GRAPHS - Lesson (G) Understanding Graphs and Finding The Range (Grades 4-5) The range of data is found by subtracting the smallest number from the largest number. For example, if the largest number on a graph was 500 and the smallest was 200, the range would be 300. In this lesson, students will also learn how to read graphs by comparing the bars (data) and adding up all the bars to find a total for the data.
GRAPHS - Lesson (H) Bar Graphs and Intervals (Grades 4-5) This lesson teaches students how to create a bar graph using intervals. Students will first learn that an interval is a group of data (e.g. 5 kids ate 1-10 grapes, 4 kids ate 11-20 grapes...the 1-10 and 11-20 are the intervals). Intervals cannot have the same numbers (e.g. 5 kids ate 1-10 grapes, 4 kids ate 10-20 grapes) because the same numbers would overlap. This lesson also shows students how to interpret data from intervals and then apply the intervals to a bar graph. Students will also learn to include a title and subheadings in a bar graph. They will get the opportunity to create a bar graph with a given set of intervals (which they must organize). Students are reminded to make sure that the intervals on the bar graph have a space between the bars so that they do not seem to be the same bar (this is a common error by students).
GRAPHS - Lesson (I) Broken-Line Graphs (Grades 4-5) A Broken-Line Graph is a graph that displays data using a broken line to connect points. In this lesson, students will learn to identify all elements of a broken-line graph. Students will be able to read the graph and interpret the data. They will also be able to determine the trend (the general direction of the information) of the graph.
GRAPHS - Lesson (J) Line Graphs (Grades 5-6) In this lesson students will learn how to create a line graph. A line graph is a graph of a line through points. Line graphs show the change of data. Students will learn how to extend a line in a line graph in order to predict the change of data.
GRAPHS - Lesson (K) Scatter Plots (Grades 4-6) A scatter plot is a graph that plots coordinate pairs to show a trend in information and can be used to make predictions about data. In this math lesson, students will learn about the characteristics of a scatter plot. Students will be taught how to predict and understand information given in a scatter plot. Students will also learn how to determine the general trend of information. The worksheet will challenge students to create a scatter plot and interpret the data.
GRAPHS - Lesson (L) Histograms (Grades 7-8) A histogram is a graph with bars that shows frequencies for data organized into intervals. This video lesson contains quite a bit of detail. It is recommended that students watch this video a few times before attempting the worksheet. This lesson shows students how to take data (e.g. a set of scores) and organize the data into a frequencey table with intervals. Students are then shown how to take the data in the completed table and transfer it into a histogram that shows the distribution of the original data.
GRIDS - Lesson (B) Coordinates and Coordinate Pairs (Grades 5-6) This math lesson teaches students that a coordinate grid is a grid with both horizontal and vertical lines numbered in order. A coordinate pair is a set of numbers ( e.g. (4,6) )that identify a location on a grid. Students will learn to plot coordinate pairs on a coordinate grid.
PROBABILITY - Lesson (A) Introduction to Probability (Grades 1-2) This introductory lesson teaches students the language of probability. Students will learn when to use 'always','sometimes', and 'never' when explaining probability outcomes.
PROBABILITY - Lesson (B) Frequency and Outcomes in Probability (Grade 3) The outcome is the result of a roll. The frequency is the number of times you get that outcome. This lesson shows students that when a die is rolled, there are only 6 possible outcomes for the next die. Students will also learn that since there are 3 odd and 3 even numbers on a die, the chances on rolling an odd or even number are the same.
PROBABILITY - Lesson (C) Introduction to Probability (Grade 4) This lesson introduces students to the concept of probability. Students will learn the appropriate language that is used in probability studies such as: impossible, certain, very unlikely, unlikely, possible, likely, and very likely. This language based lesson will help students understand future lessons in probability.
PROBABILITY - Lesson (D) Comparing Probabilities (Grade 4) The probability of landing on a spinner section is determined by the size of the section. The larger the section, the more probable it will be to land on it. This lesson shows students how to compare the size of areas of spinners. Students will be able to predict the probable outcomes from using spinners by determining the size of the spinner areas and using probability language.
PROBABILITY - Lesson (E) Using Fractions to Describe Probabilities (Grade 4-5) In past lessons students learned how to describe probabilities by using specific language. This lesson shows students how to use fractions to describe probabilities. For example, in this sequence "xoxxox" we can express the probability of getting an "o" by the fraction 2/6 because there are 2 o's out of 6 letters.
PROBABILITY - Lesson (F) Tree Diagrams (Grades 4-6) Tree diagrams are pictures that show all the possible combinations of a choice. They graphically show all the possible outcomes. In this lesson, students will learn how to organize a group of choices (e.g. combining shirts, pants, and socks to create outfits) and find all the possible outcomes.
PROBABILITY - Lesson (G) Using a Fraction, Decimal, and Percent to Describe Probability (Grades 5-6) If a 5 on a pair of dice were rolled 3 times out of 10, the probability as a fraction would be 3/10. As a percent, the probability would be 30%, and as a fraction, the probability would be 0.3 (or 0.30). In this lesson, students will learn how to use a fraction, decimal, and percent to describe the probability of chance.
PROBABILITY - Lesson (H) Theoretical and Experimental Probability (Grade 6) Theoretical probability is the probability you expect to happen. Experimental probability is the probability that actually happens. This lesson demonstrates that the theoretical probability of landing on a color on a spinner is 1 in 4 (or 1/4). If we spun a spinner 4 times and it were to land 3 times on blue and 1 time on red, we would say that the experimental probability for spinning red is closer to the theoretical probability of 1/4
PROBABILITY - Lesson (I) Calculating Probability (Grades 7-8) An outcome is the result in a probability experiment. The theoretical probability is a measure of the likelihood of an event based on calculations. To calculate the theoretical probability of an event, we divide the number of outcomes by the total number of possible outcomes. In this lesson, students will learn how to calculate the probability of an event as well, they will learn how to calculate the theoretical probability.
PROBABILITY - Lesson (J) Comparing Probabilities (Grades 7-8) Probabilities can be expressed as decimals, ratios, fractions, or percents. When solving a probability question with different forms of probabilites, it is best to express all probabilities the same. In this lesson, students will learn how to change different forms of probabilities (i.e. decimals and fractions) into percents in order to effectively compare probabilities.
PROBABILITY - Lesson (K) Theoretical and Experimental Probability (Grades 7-8) Theoretical probability is a measure of the likelihood of an event. For example, what is the probability you will get heads when flipping a coin, or what is the probability you will get a 5 when you roll a pair of dice? Experimental probability is a measure of the event based on experiment. For example, how many times did your coin actualy land on heads after flipping it 10 times (i.e. 6 out of ten times would give us the probability of 6/10). In this lesson, students will learn how to measure both theoretical and experimental probability and determine if there is a relationship between the two.
STEM AND LEAF PLOTS (Grades 7-8) In this lesson, students will learn how to take data and put it into a stem and leaf plot. Students will then learn how to interpret the data.

Geometry
ANGLE MEASURES - Algebra Angle Measures (Grades 9-10) To solve for an algebraic angle measurement problem, students must be familiar with complementary and supplementary angles. Students should also have a solid knowledge of solivng algebraic equations (e.g. solve for x) before watching this video. Students should pay attention to the wording in the question. They should look for key words such as, "complement, supplement, less than, more than, twice, etc...".
ANGLES - Lesson (A) Introduction to Angles (Grades 4-5) Students will learn the 3 types of angles: Right, Acute, and Obtuse. Right angles look like an L. They are always measured at 90 degrees. Any angle bigger than 90 degrees (or bigger than an L) is called an Obtuse angle. Any angle smaller than 90 degrees (or smaller than an L) is called an Acute angle. In this video, students will see visual examples of the different types of angles and have the chance to identify them in the worksheet. (Correction: On the worksheet, the angle on the top left for question 1c) is 'obtuse' not 'right')
ANGLES - Lesson (B) Angles in a Triangle (Grade 7) The sum of the measures of the angles in a triangle is always 180 degrees. We can use this fact to find missing angles in triangles. Assume a triangle has the angle measures of 90 degrees, 60 degrees, and x (x represents the unknown degrees). When we add 90 + 60 degrees, we get 150 degrees. We know that since all angles in a triangle add up to 180 degrees, we just have to find the difference between 180 degrees and 150 degrees to solve for x. Since 180 - 150 = 30, we can say that x = 30 degrees.
ANGLES - Lesson (C) Angle Properties of Quadrilaterals (Grade 8) The angle sum of any quadrilateral is 360 degrees. The angle sum of any triangle is 180 degress (half of a quadrilateral). A quadrilateral can be divided into two triangles. We can now find the sum of the two triangles to calculate the missing angles in the quadrilateral. In this lesson, students will learn how to divide a quadrilateral into two triangles and find the missing angles.
ANGLES - Lesson (D) Intersecting Lines and Measuring Angles (Grade 8) Supplementary angles are angles whose sum is 180 degrees. A straight angle is an angle that measures 180 degrees. Assume that an angle of 100 degress has an unknown supplementary angle. We can calculate the unknown angle to be 80 degrees because supplementary angles have a sum of 180 degrees. In this lesson, students will learn how to find missing angles based on fact that a straight angle has a measure of 180 degrees.
ANGLES - Lesson (E) Complementary and Supplementary Angles (Grades 7-8) In this video, students will learn the difference between complementary and supplementary angles. Complementary angles contain two angles whose measures add up to 90 degrees. Supplementary angles contain two angles whose measures add up to 180 degrees. Students will learn that when describing an angle in a triangle (e.g.
BISECTORS - Lesson (A) Angle Bisectors (Grades 9-10) An angle bisector is a ray that divides an angle into two adjacent and congruent angles. To find missing angle measures, students must first solve for x (basic algebra skills are needed here). After finding the value for x, (e.g. x = 4), then plug in the value (e.g. 4) to replace x in the question. Students will learn how to calculate the measure of the two adjacent angles thus calculating the entire angle measure.
BISECTORS - Lesson (B) Segment Bisectors (Grades 9-10) A segment bisector is a segment, ray, line, or plane that divides a segment into two congruent segments. In this lesson, students will learn that when line (a) is bisected by line (b), line (a) becomes two congruent segments. If we know the measurement of line (a) and it is bisected by line (b), we can easily calculate the measurement of the other half of line (a) (i.e. it is half the length0.
CIRCLES - Circle Geometry (Grade 8) Two lines are perpendicular if they intersect each other to form two 90 degree angles. A line bisects a line segment if it divides the line segment into two equal lengths. A perpendicular bisector is a line that intersects a line segment to form two 90 degree angles and divides the line segment into 2 equal lengths. In this math lesson, students will be given three points on a circle. They will learn how to construct perpendicular bisectors in order to find the center of a circle.
DISTANCE FORMULA - The Distance Formula (Grade 9) In order to find the distance between two points, we can use the Distance Formula which is based on the Pythagorean Theorem. In this video, students are taught to simply plug the coordinates into the formula to find the distance between two points. It is recommended that students know how to find square roots before watching this video.
GRIDS - Lesson (A) Locating Objects on a Grid (Grade 4) Students will be introduced to interpreting a grid by locating objects. In this lesson, students will learn how to read a grid by reading the letter on the horizontal scale followed by the number on the vertical scale (e.g. B3). This introductory lesson to grids will give students the skills they need for future lessons.
GRIDS - Lesson (B) Locating Positions on a Cartesian Grid (Grade 7) In this math lesson, students will learn how to create a Cartesian grid and locate positions on it. Students will learn that there is an x and y axis. They will also be shown that both negative and positive numbers are placed on specific parts of the x axis and y axis. Students are reminded that when they are locating points on the grid, they must use the proper format of brackets, a comma, and number (e.g. (-4,3) ).
LINES - Parallel, Perpendicular, and Intersecting Lines (Grades 7-8) In this lesson, students will learn that if two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, the resulting angles are either congruent or supplementary. Students will learn about adjacent, vertical, interior, and exterior angles. It is recommended that students watch this video several times before completing the worksheet.
MIDPOINT FORMULA - The Midpoint Formula (Grade 9) To find the midpoint between two ordered pairs, you add the x-coordinates and divide by 2, then add the y-coordinates and divide by 2. Students should pay attention to their integer skills in this lesson.
NETS - Lesson (A) Nets of Pyramids and Prisms (Grades 4-6) A net is a 2 dimensional representation of a 3 dimensional shape. In this video lesson, students will learn that the nets of a pyramid has a base and 3 or more 'triangular' faces. A net of a prism has a base and top and 3 or more 'rectangular' faces.
NETS - Lesson (B) Identifying and Making Nets (Grades 4-6) A net is a 2-dimensional representation of a 3-dimensional shape. In this video, students will learn to identify the nets of pyramids from prisms. Students will also have the opportunity to cut out nets, put them together, and match them with a 3-D shape.
SHAPES - Lesson (A) Introduction to Symmetry (Grades 1-2) A shape that is the same on both sides has symmetry. This lesson shows students shapes that are both symmetrical and not symmetrical. Students are shown to put a vertical line through the shape to determine if it is symmetrical. They will have the opportunity to check if shapes are symmetrical by completing the worksheet.
SHAPES - Lesson (B) Identifying and Sorting 2-D Shapes (Grades 1-3) This math lesson teaches students how to identify 2 dimensional shapes by their number of sides and vertices (a vertex is a point where 2 lines meet, e.g. corners of shapes). For example, a rectangle has 4 sides and 4 vertices. Students will identify and sort a pentagon, heptagon, an octagon, and other shapes as well.
SHAPES - Lesson (C) Flips, Slides, and Turns (Grades 2-3) There are 3 ways to move a shape: flips, slides, and turns. A shape can be flipped over a line onto the other side. Flips are similar to a mirror image. A slide is a movement of a shape from one location to another. Slides must be in a straight line and can be in any direction. When a shape is turned, it moves around a point (and part of the shape must always touch that point) in any direction.
SHAPES - Lesson (D) Introduction to Quadrilaterals (Grades 2-3) A quadrilateral is a closed shape with 4 straight sides. Students will be able to identify quadrilaterals from the video examples.
SHAPES - Lesson (E) Identifying 3-D Shapes (Grade 3) Three dimensional shapes can be identified (and classified) by their number of faces (sides), edges, and vertices (corners). This lesson shows students how to properly count the faces, edges, and vertices of a cube. Students will have the opportunity to identify other shapes on the worksheet.
SHAPES - Lesson (F) Classifying 3-D Shapes (Grade 3) This lesson demonstrates how to classify 3-d shapes by organizing them by their faces (sides), vertices (corners), and bases. Students will learn that some shapes have more and less faces and vertices than others.
SHAPES - Lesson (G) Congruent and Similar Shapes (Grades 4-5) This math lesson introduces students to congruent and similar shapes. Two shapes are congruent if they are the same SIZE and SHAPE. Two shapes are similar if they are the same SHAPE but not necessarily the same size.
SHAPES - Lesson (H) Quadrilaterals (Grades 4-5) In this lesson, students are taught that a Quadrilateral is a closed shape with 4 straight sides. Examples of quadrilaterals are: square, rhoubus, rectangle, and trapezoid. There are 2 types of quadrilaterals, 1. Parallelograms 2. Trapezoids. Parallelograms are quadrilaterals with 2 pairs of parallel sides (2 pairs meaning 4 in total..this is explained in the video). A trapezoid is a quadrilateral with 1 pair of parallel sides.
SHAPES - Lesson (I) Classifying 2-D Shapes (Grade 5) This video shows students how to classify 2-D shapes in several ways. They can be classified by number of sides, number of angles, number of vertices (corners), pairs of parallel sides, and equal side lengths. Students should watch the videos in this section on 'triangles and side lengths' and 'introduction to angles' before watching this one. The worksheet in this lesson provides students with the opportunity to classify 6 different shapes.
SHAPES - Lesson (J) Pyramids and Prisms (Grades 5-6) It is important for students to understand the similarities and differences between prisms and pyramids. This video explains how prisms have a base and top whereas pyramids have only a base. Also, prisms have rectangular faces, while pyramids have triangular faces. These are the two key concepts regarding pyramids and prisms. Students will also learn that both pyramids and prisms can be triangular, rectangular, pentagonal, and hexagonal (to name a few) in shape.
SHAPES - Lesson (K) Measuring Angles in Polygons (Grades 4-6) A regular polygon is a polygon with equal angle measures. Regular polygons are identified by the number of sides. In this lesson, students will learn the concept that the angle measure in a regular polygon increases as the number of sides increases.
TRANSFORMATIONS - Lesson (A) Flipping (Reflecting) Shapes on a Grid (Grades 4-6) Transformations are changes that occur on a grid. Students will learn about flipping (reflecting) a shape on a grid throughout this video. In this lesson, students are shown that reflections can occur on the line of reflection, 1 space from the line of reflection, and 2 spaces from the line of reflection. In fact, reflections can occur any number of spaces from the line of reflection. In the worksheet for this lesson, students will learn to identify reflections on a grid.
TRANSFORMATIONS - Lesson (B) Sliding (Translating) Shapes on a Grid (Grades 4-6) Transformations are changes that occur on a grid. Students will learn about sliding (translations) a shape on a grid throughout this video. In this lesson, students are shown that a translation is a movement in a straight line in any direction. They can complete the worksheet to identify translations.
TRANSFORMATIONS - Lesson (C) Turning (Rotating) Shapes on a Grid (Grades 4-6) Transformations are changes that occur on a grid. Students will learn about turning (rotating) a shape on a grid throughout this video. This lesson focuses on the direction of turns (i.e. clockwise and counter clockwise). Students are taught that a full turn of an object is 360 degrees. This full turn can be divided into 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees. The worksheet provides students with several opportunities to turn objects at various degrees both clockwise and counter clockwise.
TRANSFORMATIONS - Lesson (D) Reflecting Shapes on a Cartesian Grid (Grades 7-8) In this lesson, students are taught how to reflect (flip) shapes on a Cartesian grid. Students are reminded that if they are reflecting 'in the x-axis', they must flip the shape 'over' the x-axis. The same goes for 'in the y-axis'. Students are also reminded that they must reflect the object the same distance from the axis on both sides. For example, if the shape is 3 units above the x-axis, the shape must be reflected 3 units below the x-axis.
TRANSFORMATIONS - Lesson (E) Rotating Shapes on a Cartesian Grid (Grades 7-8) It is best for students to use this lesson as a reference tool. To fully understand rotations, students should use hands-on manipulatives. It is suggested in the video that students cut out a shape, use a protractor, and rotate shapes in different directions. This lesson shows students how to rotate shapes on a Cartesian grid.
TRANSFORMATIONS - Lesson (F) Translating Shapes on a Cartesian Grid (Grades 7-8) A translation is a result of a slide along straight lines (in any direction) on a grid. In this lesson, students will learn how to slide shapes on a Cartesian grid. They will also be taught to calculate the vector (the number of units the shape is translated).
TRIANGLES - Lesson (A) Angles and Triangles (Grades 4-5) It is recommended that students watch the "Introduction to Angles" video before watching this one. In this lesson, students will learn that triangles can be identified by their angle size. A triangle can be considered a Right-Angled triangle if there is 1 right angle (a right angle has 90 degrees). An Obtuse-Angled triangle has 1 obtuse angle (greater than 90 degrees). An Acute-Angled triangle must have ALL acute angles. It is important for students to realize that Right-Angled and Obtuse-Angled triangles only need 1 of their respective angles whereas Acute-Angled triangles require ALL angles to be acute.
TRIANGLES - Lesson (B) Triangles and Side Lengths (Grades 4-5) The previous video showed students how to identify triangles based on their angle size. This video teaches students how to classify triangles based on their "side lengths". Students will learn that there are three types of triangles based on side lengths. The first triangle is an Equilateral Triangle. Equilateral triangles have all sides of equal length. Isosceles triangles have 2 sides of equal length, and Scalene triangles have all sides of 'different' lengths. This lesson stresses that students know why a triangle is classified as equilateral, scalene, or isosceles, that is, students will know how to identify a triangle just by looking at it.
TRIANGLES - Lesson (C) Pythagorean Theorem (Grades 7-8) In this lesson, students will learn how to identify the hypotenuse (the longest side of a right-angled triangle) and use the Pythagorean Theorem to determine a missing side length.
TRIANGLES - Lesson (D) Triangle Inequalities (Grades 7-8) In this video, students will learn that when given the lengths of two sides of a triangle, the length of the third side must be greater than their difference, but less than their sum. Students will also learn that the longest side of a triangle is opposite the largest angle and the shortest side is opposite the smalles angle.
TRIANGLES - Lesson (E) Special Segments in Triangles (Grade 9) In this video, students will learn about three special segments in triangles. A 'median' of a triangle is a segment from a vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side. An 'altitude' of a triangle is a perpendicular segment from a vertex to the opposite side (or an extension of it). A 'midline' of a triangle connects two midpoints of two sides and is parallel to the thrid side. Its length is half the length of the third side.
TRIANGLES - Lesson (F) The Converse of the Pythagorean Theorem (Grades 7-8) The Pythagorean Theorem is used to determine whether a triangle is right, acute, or obtuse. The long side, side c, can be compared to sides a and b (the shorter sides) to determine the type of triangle. In this video, students will learn how to determine the type of triangle based on the measurements of the sides.
TRIANGLES - Lesson (G) Congruent Triangles - AAS, HL (Grade 9) Angle-Angle-Side (AAS) congruence can be determined if two angles and a non-included side of one triangle are congruent to two angles and a non-included side of another triangle. The Hypotenuse-Leg (HL) congruence can be determined if the hypotenuse and a leg of one right triangle are congruent to the hypotenuse and a leg of another right triangle. In a right angle, the sides that form the right angle are legs. Students will also learn how to determine that there is no congruence by observing included sides.
TRIANGLES - Lesson (G) Congruent Triangles - SSS, ASA, SAS (Grade 9) Two triangles are congruent if they are the same shape and size. The two triangles have corresponding angles and corresponding sides that are congruent. In this lesson, students will learn three ways to find congruence. If three sides of one triangle are congruent to three sides of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent (SSS). If two sides and the included angle of one triangle are congruent to two sides and the included angle of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent (SAS). If two angles and the included side of one triangle are congruent to two angles and the included side of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent (ASA). Students will also learn when angle congruency cannot be proven.

Measurement
AREA - Lesson (A) Introduction to Area (Grades 1-2) This is an introductory lesson about area. When we use the word area, we are talking about the size of a space. For example, a square has an area of 1 square unit. The area is considered a square unit as opposed to a square centimeter/centimetre or square inch because its units are unknown at this time. In the higher grades, students will learn how to calculate the perimeter using several units of measurement. This video introduces students to the concept that area is expressed in square units and can be calculated by counting the squares.
AREA - Lesson (B) Area of a Rectangle (Grade 4) The formula to find the area of a rectangle is Area = Length x Width. So, for example, a rectangle with the dimensions of 5 m by 10 m would have an area of 50 mÂ². It is stressed several times throughout the video that the answer to an area problem is always expressed in square units (Â²).
AREA - Lesson (C) Area of a Parallelogram (Grades 7-8) In this video, students will learn how to find the area of a parallelogram by multiplying the base x height. Students are reminded that area is always expressed in centimeters squared. Furthermore, students are reminded to be aware of the units of measurement in each question (i.e. mm, cm, m).
AREA - Lesson (D) Area of a Circle (Grades 7-8) In this lesson, students will learn the formula for finding the area of a circle. Students should have a good understanding of the order of operations (see video) and powers (see video) before watching this video lesson. This lesson also emphasizes that the answer to an area question is always expressed in square units.
AREA - Lesson (E) Area of a Triangle (Grades 7-8) In this lesson, students will learn the formula for finding the area of a triangle. They will understand that the area of a triangle equals the base times the height divided by two. Students will also learn how to find the length of the base and height by calculating backwards with the formula.
AREA - Lesson (F) Area of Trapezoids (Grades 7-8) Students will learn how to find the area of a trapezoid by adding side a and side b times the height divided by two. This video will show students how to use the given values and place them in the appropriate position in the formula. It is recommended that students have a good understanding of order of operations (see video) before watching this video.
AREA - Lesson (G) Surface Area of Rectangular Prisms (Grades 7-8) In this lesson, students will learn to find the surface area of rectangular prisms by following the formula: surface area = 2 x(sum of 3 faces). This video shows students how to calculate the surface area of prisms by first finding the area of three faces (i.e. since the area of the top is the same as the bottom, the sides are the same, and the front and back are the same)and multiplying the sum of the three faces by two.
AREA - Lesson (H) Surface Area of Cylinders (Grades 7-8) It is recommended that students watch this lesson several times before trying the worksheet. It is also strongly recommended that students have a good understanding of: 1. Radius and diameter, and 2. BEDMAS before watching this lesson. This video teaches students to follow the formula for finding the surface area of cylinders. Students are reminded several times in this lesson to remember that the radius is half of the diameter. This lesson also stresses the concept of "squaring the radius before multiplying by pi" (this is more clear when watching the video).
AREA - Lesson (I) Area of Complex Shapes (Grades 7-8) This video lesson shows students how to figure out the area of complex shapes. In order to figure out the area of a complex shape, students will learn to divide the area into simpler shapes like triangles, rectangles, trapezoids, etc... Students must remember that area is always expressed in units squared.
AREA - Lesson (J) Surface Area of Cubes (Grades 7-8) The formula for finding the surface area of a cube is SA (surface area) = 6s squared (s = length of an edge). Students will be reminded in this lesson to always remember that area is always expressed in units squared.
CAPACITY - Lesson (A) Introduction to Capacity-U.S. Customary (Grades 2-3) In this lesson, students will learn the typical sizes of objects that can be measured in quarts (qt) and fluid ounces (fl oz). They will learn how to estimate the capacity of several types of containers.
CAPACITY - Lesson (B) Introduction to Capacity Metric (Grades 2-3) In this lesson, students will learn the typical sizes of objects that can be measured in liters/litres (L) and milliliters/milliliters (mL). They will learn how to estimate the capacity of several types of containers.
CAPACITY - Lesson (C) Introduction to Capacity (Grades 4-5) Students will learn that capacity is the amount a container will hold when it is full. This video illustrates that capacity is measured in milliliters (or millilitres) and liters (or litres). The symbols are respectively "mL and "L". In this video, students will also learn to convert units of capacity (e.g. since 1000 mL = 1 L then 3000 mL = 3 L).
CIRCLES - Lesson (A) Radius and Diameter (Grades 7-8) The diameter of a circle is a line that runs from one side of the circle through the center to the other side. The radius of a circle is the line that goes from the center of a circle to its circumference (outside border). Students will learn how to calculate the radius of a circle by measuring its diameter. They will also learn how to calculate the diameter of a circle by measuring its radius.
CIRCLES - Lesson (B) Finding Circumference (Grades 7-8) In this lesson, students will learn how to find the circumference of a circle when given either the diameter or radius. Students will learn how to use the two formulae to calculate the circumference.
CIRCLES - Lesson (C) Using Circumference to find Radius and Diameter (Grades 7-8) It is recommended that students watch the video lesson on "Finding Circumference" before watching this video. Students must first understand how to use the formulas for finding circumference before watching this lesson. In this lesson, students will take the formulas for finding circumference, and learn how to isolate both the diameter and radius in order to create new formulas. Students will then learn how to find the radius and diameter when given the circumference.
CIRCLES - Lesson (D) Arcs and Central Angles (also considered Geometry) (Grades 9-10) An angle whose vertex is the center of a circle is a central angle. An arc is a curve of a circle. It's named by its endpoints. A minor arc measures less than 180 degrees. Its measure is equal to the measure of its central angle. A major arc measures more than 180 degrees. Its measure is the difference between 360 degrees and the measure of its central angle. A semicircle measures 180 degrees. Its central angle is a diameter. In this video, students will see visual representations of these concepts.
CIRCLES - Lesson (D) Chords and Inscribed Angles (also a geometry lesson) (Grades 9-10) A chord is a segment whose endpoints are points on a circle. An inscribed angle is an angle whose sides are chords and whose vertex is a point on the circle. In this video, students will learn that the measure of an inscribed angle is equal to half the measure of its interecpted arc.
LENGTH - Lesson (A) Introduction to Length (Grades 1-2) This introduction to length teaches students both Metric and U.S. Customary units of measurement. Students will learn that both centimeters/centimetres and inches are used to measure small objects while meters/meters and yards are used to measure larger objects. Later on, in the higher grades, these concepts will give students the background they need in order to measure objects in different units.
LENGTH - Lesson (B) Recording Length - Metric (Grades 1-2) Students will learn how to record the length of different sized objects. They will learn how to place an object on a grid with units of measurement (i.e. centimeters/centimetres), and then they will have the opportunity to measure and record objects on the worksheet.
LENGTH - Lesson (B) Recording Length -U.S. Customary Units (Grades 1-2) Students will learn how to record the length of different sized objects. They will learn how to place an object on a grid with units of measurement (i.e. inches), and then they will have the opportunity to measure and record objects on the worksheet.
MASS - Lesson (A) Introduction to Mass (Grades 2-3) This video lesson introduces students to the concept of mass. Students are taught both Metric and U.S. Customary units of measurement. Since grams (g) and ounces (oz) are similar in measurment, students are shown which objects can be measured in both units. The same goes for kilograms (kg) and pounds (lb). Students will learn the correct units of measurment for the appropriate sized objects.
MASS - Lesson (B) Introduction to Mass (Grade 4-5) This introduction to mass video shows students the units for measuring the mass of objects. Students will learn that milligrams are the smallest units for measuring mass, followed by grams, kilograms, and tonnes. The video illustrates items that are measured in each unit. Students will then have the opportunity to complete the worksheet by choosing units to measure the mass for various objects.
MASS - Lesson (C) Converting Units of Mass (Grades 5-6) This lesson teaches students how to convert units of mass. Students are first shown a mass conversion table (e.g. 1000 mg = 1 g). They are then shown how to convert units of measurement according to the table (e.g. if 1000 mg = 1 g then 5000 mg = 5 g). This video shows students how to convert between tonnes, milligrams, and kilograms.
PERIMETER - Lesson (A) Area and Perimeter (Grades 2-3) In this lesson, students will learn how to measure a shape's area and perimeter. To find the area, they simply count the squares to get the square units. The perimeter is the distance around a shape. This lesson demonstrates how to find the perimeter of a shape by creating a starting point and counting each square in a clockwise direction.
PERIMETER - Lesson (B) Perimeter of Rectangles (Grades 4-6) This math lesson teaches students how to find the perimeter of a rectangle. The perimeter of a shape is the distance around the shape. In order to calculate the perimeter, all sides in the shape have to be added together. Students are reminded to include the units of measurement in their answers.
PERIMETER - Lesson (C) Perimeter of Irregular Polygons (Grades 4-6) This is the second lesson for finding perimeter. In this video, students will learn how to find the perimeter of an irregular polygon by adding up all the side lengths. It is important for students to remember to pay attention to the side lengths as they add them together. Students should start from one side length and work their way around the polygon as they add up the sides. They are also reminded to include the units of measurement in their answers.
PERIMETER - Lesson (D) Using a Formula to Find Perimeter (Grade 5) This lesson shows students how to use the formula "Perimeter = (length + width) x 2 " instead of simply adding all the side lengths of a shape. Students are shown that this formula results in the same answer as just adding up the sides. This video also reminds students to include the unit of measurement in their answer.
PRISMS - Volume of Rectangular Prisms (Grades 7-8) In this video lesson students will learn the formula for finding the volume of a rectangular prism (volume = length x width x height). Students will also learn that volume is always expressed as the unit (e.g. cm or mm) cube (with a small 3). This video will show students how to calculate the volume for prisms with all the given measurements. Students will also learn how to calculate the volume of rectangular prisms with missing measurements.
TIME - Measuring Decades, Centuries, and Millennia (Grades 4-5) This video math lesson introduces students to the concepts of decades, centuries, and millennia. Students are clearly shown how to calculate the year, both in the future and past, by adding and subtracting decades, centuries, and millennia.
TIME - Recording Dates and Times (Grades 5-6) In this lesson, students will learn how to write the date in numerical format (e.g. April 10, 2005 would be written as 2005-04-10). The second concept students will learn in this video is how to record time using a 24 hour clock. The lesson focuses on 12 o'clock am to noon time as being considered 0-12 hours, while after noon time until midnight is considered 13-24 hours.
UNITS - Choosing Units of Measurement (Grade 4) This lesson is a great way to introduce and/or refresh students' memories of units of measurement. In this math video, students will learn specifically which types of objects can be measured in millimeters (or millimetres), centimeters (centimetres), decimeters (decimeters), and kilometers (kilometres).
UNITS - Converting Units of Measurement (Grades 5-6) This lesson shows students how to convert units of measurement (e.g. from centimeters - kilometers). Students are given the unit conversion (i.e. 1m = 100cm) and are shown how to convert other numbers. They are also shown that conversion from a larger number to a smaller one involves division, while conversion from a smaller number to a larger one involves multiplication. A good grasp of dividing and multilying by 10, 100, 1000 (the video is in the numeration category) will be beneficial for this lesson.
VOLUME - Introduction to Volume (Grades 4-5) Volume is the space taken up by an object. In this math lesson, students will learn that volume can be measured by using a cube. A 1 cm cube has a volume of 1 cmÂ³. Two cubes would have a volume of 2 cmÂ³, and so on. This instructional video also illustrates the concept that a one dimensional shape cannot have a volume because it lacks a width, length, and height.
VOLUME - Lesson (B) Volume and Capacity (Grade 5) Students should watch both videos on capacity and volume before watching this one. This lesson begins by showing students the relationship between volume and capacity (i.e. 1cmÂ³ = 1 mL). The lesson continues to show students a glass beaker with water that has a capacity of 400 mL. A toy truck is put into the same beaker and students will see that the water has risen to 500 mL. It is shown that the toy truck has displaced the water 100 mL (because 400 mL - 500 mL is an increase of 100 mL). Students are reminded that since 1 cmÂ³ = 1 mL, the toy truck (that caused the 100 mL displacement) has a volume of 100 cmÂ³.
VOLUME - Lesson (C) Volume of Rectangular and Triangular Prisms (Grade 6) In this video lesson students will learn to find the volume of triangular and rectangular prisms. The formula for finding the volume for a rectangular prism is "Volume = Area of Base x Height" and the formula for finding the volume of a rectangular prism is "Volume = 1/2 of Area of Base x Height". This video shows students how to apply the measurements to the formulae and calculate the answer correctly. Students are also reminded that answers to volume questions are always expressed in cubic centimetres (cmÂ³).
VOLUME - Lesson (D) Volume of Cylinders (Grades 7-8) Students will learn to find the volume of a cylinder by multiplying pi(3.14) by the radius squared by the height. In this video, students will learn how to apply the appropriate values to the formula for finding the volume of a cylinder. The video makes special note that sometimes the diameter of the cylinder is given rather than the radius. Students should have a good understanding of powers, order of operations, and radius and diameter (see videos for each) before participating in this lesson.
VOLUME - Lesson (E) Volume of a Pyramid (Grade 9) In this video, students will learn that in order to find the volume of a pyramid, they must multiply 1/3 of the area of the base by the height. It is emphasized in the video that the answer to any volume problem is expressed in units cubed.
VOLUME - Lesson (F) Volume of a Cone (Grade 9) In this lesson, students will learn that in order to find the volume of a cone they must multiply 1/3 the area of the base multiplied by the height of the cone. It is emphasized in this video that the answer to volume problems is always expressed in cubic units.

Numeration
ABSOLUTE VALUE - Lesson (A) Introduction to Absolute Value (Grades 7-8) The absolute value of a number is taken to mean the positive value of it. Absolute value is shown by two bars on both sides of a number. In this lesson, students will learn how to determine absolute values with and without negative signs.
ABSOLUTE VALUE - Lesson (B) Real Number Operations(Grades 7-8) The absolute value of a number is its distance from zero. We can apply absolute number operations by using the basic principles of absolute value. It is recommended that students watch the previous absolute value lesson before this one. In this video lesson, students will learn how to perform absolute value operations by first doing calculations 'inside' the absolute value bars.
ADDITION - Lesson (A) Adding 3 Digit Numbers (Grades 2-3) Students must be proficient at adding 2 digit numbers and have a good understanding of place value before watching this video. In this lesson, students will apply the same skills as they did when adding 2 digit numbers. In this lesson, students will be reminded of place value concepts and they will be reminded to line up the numbers in the correct columns when adding.
ADDITION - Lesson (B) Adding Mentally (Grades 4-5) This lesson will show students how to add mentally (i.e. adding numbers without the use of a pencil, paper, or calculator). Students will learn to a)Use number facts and b)Use the distributive property in order to add 2-digit numbers mentally.
ADDITION and SUBTRACTION - Lesson (A) Introduction to Adding and Subtracting (Grades 1-2) This video lessons teaches younger students how to add by couting pictures and subtract by taking away pictures.
ADDITION and SUBTRACTION - Lesson (B) Adding and Subtracting Up to 20 (Grades 1-3) This math lesson is great for primary students, especially those who need to work on their addition and subtraction facts. This video gives students an addition and subtraction table. Students are shown how to use the table in order to solve addition and subtraction problems. Students can use this table any time they are adding and subtracting.
ADDITION and SUBTRACTION - Lesson (C) Adding and Subtracting 2 Digit Numbers (Grades 2-3) It is important that students know how to add and subtract 1 digit numbers before watching this video. They should also have a good understanding of place value as well.
DECIMALS - Lesson (A) Tenths (Grade 4) This lesson is an introduction to higher level decimal concepts. Students will learn that a decimal tenth (e.g. 0.3) can also be written as a fraction 3/10. Later on, students will learn how to change decimals to fractions and ratios and back again. This lesson introduces the concept that fractions and decimals are related.
DECIMALS - Lesson (B) Hundredths (Grade 5) This lesson is the next step to learning about decimals in the Junior (grades4-6) division. In the last lesson, students learned about decimal tenths. In this lesson, they will learn about decimal hundredths. Students are taught how to read and write decimal hundredths in words. This lesson is not only a necessary one in the curriculum, but it is also a compliment to a homeschool program as the fine details about reading and writing hundredths are emphasized. Again, this lesson is part of the building blocks for understanding decimals, fractions, and ratios for the later grades.
DECIMALS - Lesson (C) Thousandths (Grade 6) This lesson solidifies understanding about decimals in the Junior (grades4-6) division. In the last lesson, students learned about decimal hundredths. In this lesson, they will learn about decimal thousandths. Students are taught how to write decimal thousandths as a fraction. This lesson is not only a necessary one in the curriculum, but it is also a compliment to a homeschool program as the fine details about place value and decimals. Again, this lesson is part of the building blocks for understanding decimals, fractions, and ratios for the later grades.
DECIMALS - Lesson (D) Adding/Subtracting (Grades 4-5) This math lesson involves simple addition and subtraction with decimals. The addition and subtraction are easy for this grade level, yet most students run into difficulty with regards to lining up decimals. It is very common for students to not line up decimals in questions nor in the answers. This lesson focuses on lining up the decimals in both the question and answer. Improper lining up of decimals in the question and/or the answer often results in an incorrect answer.
DECIMALS - Lesson (D2) Adding/Subtracting - Decimal Problems (Grades 4-5) In this video lesson, students will learn how to find 'keywords' in order to determine whether or not a decimal problem requires addition or subtraction. It is essential for students to have a good understanding of how to correctly add and subtract 3-digit decimal numbers.
DECIMALS - Lesson (E) Equivalent (Grades 4-5) This math lesson explains how decimal tenths are equivalent to decimal hundredths. For example, 0.3 (three tenths) is equivalent to 0.30 (thirty hundredths). This video shows this relationship both numerically and graphically. Students will gain a better understanding of decimals and place value.
DECIMALS - Lesson (F) Rounding (Grade 5) In this lesson, students will learn how to round decimals to the nearest tenth and whole number. The concept of rounding numbers is reinforced, as well as place value skills. Students are shown to pay attention to the number 9 as it is rounded to a zero as the next number to its left is rounded up (e.g. 4.9 is rounded to 5).
DECIMALS - Lesson (G) Comparing (Grade 5) In this lesson, students learn how to compare decimal numbers. They are taught to look at the whole number first, then compare the tenths numbers and the hundredths numbers if need be (e.g. 4.63 and 4.57...students would look at the 4's, then the 6 and 5). This lesson helps students learn about place value, decimals, and with organizing numbers.
DECIMALS - Lesson (H) Multiplying (Grades 4-6) The key to multiplying decimal numbers is to look at the digits to the RIGHT of any decimal in the question (e.g. in 4.56 x 2 we can see that the 5 and 6 are to the right of the decimal). If there is 1 digit to the right of the decimal in the question, then there will be 1 digit to the right of the decimal in the answer. The same goes for 2 digits, 3 digits, and so on.
DECIMALS - Lesson (I) Dividing (Grades 5-6) This math lesson shows students how to divide decimal numbers by both whole numbers and decimal numbers. Students are reminded to put the decimal from the dividend (the number under the division sign) up above the division sign. It is very common for students to incorrectly put the decimal in the answer when they have finished their calculations. The most important concept in this lesson is in regards to dividing a decimal number by another decimal number. Studnets are shown how to move the decimal to the right in the divisior, the number outside the division sign, (e.g. in 3.45 the decimal would be moved 2 spaces to the right to make it 345) in order to create a whole number to make division easier. If the decimal in the divisior is moved 2 spaces to the right, it must be moved 2 spaces to the right in the dividend (the number under the division sign). Decimals should be moved the same number of spaces for BOTH sides.
DIVISION - Lesson (A) Dividing a 2-Digit Number by a 1-Digit Number (Grades 4-6) In this video, students will learn how to follow the DMSB(divide,multiply,subtract,bring down) pattern in order to divide. Students will be shown how to follow the pattern to complete a division problem. It is strongly advised that students know their multiplication tables up to 10 x 10 before learning how to divide. It is also recommended that students repeatedly watch this video for best results.
DIVISION - Lesson (B) Dividing a 3-Digit Number by a 2-Digit Number (Grades 4-6) It his mandatory that students understand how to divide a 2-digit number by a 1-digit number before watching this video (see Division Lesson (A)). This lesson shows students how to follow the DMSB format to divide numbers.
DIVISION - Lesson (C) Dividing by 1000 and 10 000 (Grades 4-6) In this lesson, students will learn how to divide whole numbers by 1000 and 10 000. They will learn to eliminate the same number of zeros on both sides of the division sign in order to simplify the problem.
DIVISION - Lesson (D) Dividing by Tens and Hundreds (Grades 4-6) Students will learn how to divide a whole number by tens and hundreds. It is important for students to pay attention to the first step of division (i.e. forgetting about the zeros at first..see video) and then strike out the zeros (again, see video). It is recommended that students watch the video on dividing by 1000 and 10000 before watching this video lesson.
ESTIMATION - Lesson (A) Estimating Sums (Grades 4-5) When students estimate, they make a guess based on information. They can use rounded numbers to estimate sums (i.e. the answer to an addition question). In this video lesson, students will learn to round numbers to the nearest thousand or hundred in order to estimate sums.
ESTIMATION - Lesson (B) Estimating Differences (Grades 4-5) When students estimate, they make a guess based on information. They can use rounded numbers to estimate differences (i.e. the answer to a subtraction question). In this video lesson, students will learn to round numbers to the nearest thousand or hundred in order to estimate differences.
FACTORS - Lesson (A) Introduction to Factors (Grade 7) A factor is a number that you multiply in a multiplication operation (e.g. 2 x 3 = 6). The numbers 2 and 3 are factors of 6. A common factor is a factor that two or more numbers have in common (e.g. 3 x 4 = 12 and 4 x 5 = 20) The number 4 is a common factor of 12 and 20. The greatest common factor (GCF) is the greatest whole number that divides into two or more other whole numbers with no remainder (e.g. factors of 12 are 1,2,3,4,6,12 and the factors of 8 are 1,2,4,8 so the GCF of 12 and 8 is 4).
FACTORS - Lesson (B) Prime Factorization (Grades 7-8) Prime factorization is a representation of a composite number as the product of prime numbers. In this lesson, students will learn how to create a factor tree. Students will begin with a composite number (a number with more than 2 factors) and continue to divide the number into smaller composite numbers until there are only prime numbers left. For example, the number 8 can be divided into 4 and 2. The 2 is a prime number so it will be left alone. The 4 can be further divided into 2 and 2. We can check our answer by multiplying the prime numbers. That is, 2 x 2 x 2 = 8.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (A) Introduction to Fractions (Grades 1-2) This lesson introduces younger students to the concept of fractions. Students are shown that when an object is divided into equal parts, it becomes a fraction. This video teaches students about a half, third, and fourth or quarter.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (B) Fractions of Sets (Grades 2-3) Students will learn how to determine the fraction from a set of shapes. For example, assume we had 9 shapes where 2 were squares and 8 were triangles. The fraction of squares in this set would be 2/9 while the fraction of triangles would be 8/9. Students will also learn how to shade in a given fraction (e.g. shading in 1/5 of the circles of a given set).
FRACTIONS - Lesson (C) Comparing Fractions (Grade 3) This video teaches students how to compare fractions by using 'fraction strips' (i.e. rectangles that are divided into fractions). Students will clearly see the 'size' of fractions and be able to compare them. For example, they will be able to compare 1/4 with 1/3 and see that 1/3 is larger than 1/4.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (D) Equivalent (Grades 4-5) This lesson is a must in order to gain an understanding of fractions. Students are clearly shown how one fraction is equivalent to another fraction (e.g 1/2 = 2/4 = 3/6...). It is important for students to 'see' why fractions are equivalent. This lesson helps students visualize fractions and gives them a better understanding of how to compare fractions. The graphic presentations of equivalent fractions gives students a clear understanding and helps boost their confidence when learning about fractions.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (E) Equivalent (Numerical) (Grades 4-5) This lesson complements the other lesson on equivalent fractions. In this lesson, students are shown how to multiply both the numerator and denominator by the same number in order to get an equivalent fraction ( e.g. 2/3, multiply both numbers by 3 to get 6/9...or multiply them by 5 to get 10/15 ...). This skill helps students understand the nature of fractions from a mathematical persepective. Since it is a simple lesson, students will gain confidence and feel more relaxed about learning how fractions work.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (F) Changing Fractions to Decimals (Grades 4-5) This fundamental lessons explains how fractions are related to decimals. The charts make it easy for students to visualize a fraction to its related decimal (e.g. 1/2 of the chart is shaded and it is explained that 50 squares (or 0.50) are also shaded). This lesson is a crucial beginning for understanding fraction and decimal relationships, as well, it gives students a visual framework whereby they can 'picture' the value of a fraction.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (F2) Changing Fractions to Decimals Using Division (Grades 5-6) A fraction can be changed to a decimal number by using division. In this video, students will learn the proper way to take a fraction and place it both inside and outside of the division sign when changing it to a decimal. Students MUST have a good understanding of dividing decimals before watching this lesson.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (G) Changing Decimals into Fractions (Grades 4-6) This lesson is a simple introduction for grade 4's and a good review for grade 5's and 6's. This video teaches students how to change a decimal into a fraction by looking at the decimal's place value (e.g. 3.2 is read as "3 ones, 2 tenths" and is written as a fraction "3 2/10"). Students will need this skill in order to compare fractions, percents, and ratios later on.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (H) Comparing (Grade 5) In previous lessons, students learned the basics of fractions. This lesson is the first step to more advanced fraction skills. Students will learn how to compare like fractions (e.g. 4/5 and 3/5) and unlike fractions (e.g. 2/3 and 4/7). Like fractions can easily be compared because the denominators are the same, so a student would just have to compare the numerators (top numbers). Unlike fractions are somewhat different. First, students have to find a common number that both denominators multiply to (e.g. 2/5 and 3/4... both 4 and 5 go into 20, so 20 will become the new denominator for both fractions). Then, students will have to change the numerators (e.g. 2/5 becomes 8/20 because we multiply 5 x 4 to get 20 so we do the same to the 2 ( 2 x 4 = 8) to get an equivalent fraction). Finally, it is easy to compare the two fractions because the denominators are the same. It is recommended that students watch the video "equivalent fractions" before watching this one. Furthermore, this concept is sometimes difficult for students so it is also recommended that students watch this video several times until they grasp the lesson.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (H2) Comparing Fractions Using the Bowtie Method (Grades 5-6) In this lesson, students will learn a shortcut method towards comparing fractions. The bowtie method is a great way to check answers when comparing fractions. Students should still know how to compare fractions by finding a common denominator.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (H3) Simplifying Fractions (GCF) (Grades 5-6) To simplify a fraction and find its greatest common factor, we must look at both the numerator and denominator and find the largest number that goes into each of them evenly (also know as the greatest common factor or GCF). This lesson requires that students have a good knowledge of their multiplication and division facts.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (I) Adding (Grades 5-6) This lesson shows students how to add fractions with similar (like) and different (unlike) denominators. Students will learn that fractions with similar denominators can easily be added by just looking at the numerator. When the denominator is different, students will learn to how to find a common denominator (through a common multiple) and change the fraction into an equivalent fraction. At this point, the student will have two fractions with the same denominator so that addition can be performed. This concept has several steps. It is recommended that students watch the instructional part of this video more than once before trying the worksheet.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (I2) Adding Fractions Using the Bowtie Method (Grades 5-6) In this lesson, students will learn a shortcut method towards adding fractions. The bowtie method is a great way to check answers when adding fractions. Students should still know how to add fractions by finding a common denominator.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (J) Subtracting (Grades 5-6) This lesson shows students how to subtract fractions with similar (like) and different (unlike) denominators. Students will learn that fractions with similar denominators can easily be subtracted by just looking at the numerator. When the denominator is different, students will learn to how to find a common denominator (through a common multiple) and change the fraction into an equivalent fraction. At this point, the student will have two fractions with the same denominator so that subtraction can be performed. This concept has several steps. It is recommended that students watch the instructional part of this video more than once before trying the worksheet.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (J2) Subtracting Fractions Using the Bowtie Method (Grades 5-6) In this lesson, students will learn a shortcut method towards subtracting fractions. The bowtie method is a great way to check answers when subtracting fractions. Students should still know how to subtract fractions by finding a common denominator.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (J3) Subtracting Improper Fractions (Grades 7-8) In order to understand how to subtract improper fractions, students must have a good understanding of the following concepts: 1) Subtracting fractions with the same denominator 2) Finding a common denominator 3) Reducing fractions. This video will assume that students have a good understanding of the previously mentioned skills. In this video lesson, students will learn how to find a common denominator in order to subtract an improper fraction.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (K) Ordering from Least to Greatest (Grades 5-6) This lesson is a continuation of previous fraction lessons. In this lesson, students are required to use their fraction knowledge from the equivalent fractions and comparing fractions lessons. For students to be able to order fractions from least to greatest, they must be able to find common multiples, change fractions into equivalent fractions, and compare fractions. This lesson shows students how to combine these skills and sort fractions from least to greatest. This concept is often difficult for students to grasp at first. It is recommended that students watch this video and complete the worksheet several times if needed.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (L) Mixed Numbers and Improper Fractions (Grades 5-6) This lesson introduces students to the concepts of Mixed Fractions (fractions that have a whole number and fraction) and Improper Fractions (fractions, where the numerator is larger than the denominator). Students are shown that a shaded area (in a shape) can be expressed as both a mixed number and an improper fraction. The worksheet for this lesson is a good reinforcer for the concepts.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (M) Comparing Mixed Numbers and Improper Fractions (Grades 5-6) This lesson is an advanced junior grade fraction lesson that incorporates several previously learned skills. Students are shown a group of improper fractions and mixed numbers. They are first taught to change all mixed numbers into improper fractions. Then, they are shown to find a common denominator. Finally, students see how to compare the fractions in order from least to greatest. The worksheet for this lesson provides good examples for students to practice these skills. Students may find that watching this video once may not be enough.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (N) Changing Mixed Numbers and Improper Fractions (Grades 5-6) This lesson teaches students how to change mixed numbers and improper fractions. In the first lesson on mixed numbers and improper fractions, students were able to compare the two by looking at the shaded shapes. In this lesson, students are taught how to convert fractions and mixed numbers back numerically. The first rule for this lesson is "never change the denominator". Students are first taught to change a mixed number into an improper fraction by taking the denominator, multiplying it by the whole number beside it, then taking the product and adding it to the numerator (e.g. In the mixed number 5 2/3, take the 3 and multiply by 5 to get 15, then add 2 to get 17. The mixed number then becomes an improper fraction of 17/3). Students are then taught how to change an improper fraction into a mixed number ( e.g. 9/2, ask how many times 2 goes into 9...4 times (2 x 4 = 8) with a remainder of 1...so the fraction is 4 1/2).
FRACTIONS - Lesson (N2) Simplifying Improper Fractions (Grades 5-6) When simplyfing an improper fraction, we must first find the greatest common factor for both the numerator and denominator. In this video, students will learn how to find the greatest common factor and simplify the improper fraction. Students MUST be competent at changing improper fractions to mixed numbers before watching this video.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (O) Comparing Fractions, Decimals, and Percents (Grades 5-6) Comparing fractions, decimals, and percent requires quite a few skills that have to be used together. Students will learn how to change a fraction and decimal number into another fraction or decimal out of 100 (e.g. 3/10 can be changed to 30/100 (simply multiply the denominator 10 by 10 to get 100 and do the same to the numerator 3, to get 30)...any number out of 100 can be expressed as a percent). Also, a number such as 0.45 is expressed as both 45 hundredths (45/100) and 45%. This video shows students how to change fractions and decimals into percents and then compare them from least to greatest.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (P) Fractions, Ratios, Decimals, and Percents (Grades 7-8) In this math lesson, students will learn how to interchange numbers between fractions, ratios, decimals, and percents. This video shows students the strategies on how to convert a fraction into other types of numbers.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (Q) Adding and Subtracting Using Equivalent Fractions (Grades 7-8) In order to add and subtract fractions students are taught to: 1. Find a common denominator 2. Write an equivalent fraction 3. Add or subtract 4. Change the improper fraction to a mixed number or reduce. This lesson shows students how to add and subtract fractions in a systematic way. It is recommended that students are comfortable with finding common denominators, changing improper fractions to mixed numbers, and reducing before they participate in this video lesson.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (R) Adding Mixed Numbers (Grades 7-8) When adding mixed numbers, you can add the whole numbers and the fractions separately. In this lesson, students will learn to add mixed numbers in the following order: 1.Add the whole numbers 2.Add the fractions by finding a common denominator 3. Reduce or change the improper fraction into a whole number. It is strongly recommended that students have a good understanding of adding fractions (Lesson (D)) and changing improper fractions into mixed numbers (Lessons (L) and (N)) before participating in this video.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (S) Subtracting Mixed Numbers from Whole Numbers (Grades 7-8) When subtracting a mixed number from a whole number students have to asks themselves: "How much more do I need to change my mixed number into a whole number?". For example, in the question 5-3 and 3/4, students should ask themselves,"how much of a fraction do I need to get from 3 and 3/4 to 4?" They need another 1/4 to get to 4. Now they know that 5-4 = 1 so they are left with 1 and 1/4. They can check their work by adding 3 and 3/4 + 1 and 1/4 =5.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (T) Dividing Fractions Using Reciprocals (Grades 7-8) A reciprocal results when we switch the numerator and denominator of a fraction. We can use reciprocals to divide fractions. First, we must find the reciprocal, then multiply the first fraction by the reciprocal. It is strongly recommended that students know how to multiply fractions and change improper fractions to mixed numbers before participating in this lesson.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (T2) Dividing Negative Fractions Using Reciprocals (Grades 7-8) A reciprocal results when you switch the numerator and denominator of a fraction. We can use reciprocals to divide negative fractions. We divide negative fractions the same way we would divide negative integers. First we find the reciprocal then we multiply the first fraction by the reciprocal.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (U) Multiplying Mixed Numbers (Grades 7-8) To multiply mixed numbers, we must change mixed numbers into improper fractions then multiply them. In this lesson, students will change mixed numbers to improper fractions, multiply the improper fractions, then change the improper fraction into a mixed number, and reduce if necessary. It is recommended that students have a good understanding of changing mixed numbers and improper fractions back and forth, and recuding fractions into lowest terms.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (V) Dividing Fractions Using Equivalent Fractions and Common Denominators (7-8) Before watching this lesson, students MUST be competent at 1. Changing mixed numbers to improper fractions 2. Finding the lowest common denominator 3. Changing improper fractions to mixed numbers (all of these skills can be found in other fraction lessons in Tutorgiant's video library). These skills are essential in order to participate in this fraction lesson. There are 3 sub-concepts in this lesson. Students are recommended to master all 3 before attempting the worksheet.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (W) Fractions and Order of Operations (Grades 7-8) In order to fully understand this lesson, students are required to have thorough knowledge of: 1) BEDMAS 2) Finding Common Denominators 3) Multiplying and Dividing fractions. This lesson shows students how to approach solving fraction problems by following the correct order of operations (i.e. BEDMAS).
FRACTIONS - Lesson (Y) Fractions of Fractions (Grade 7) In this math lesson, students will learn how to find fractions of fractions (e.g. 1/4 of 1/2). For example, students will learn how to find 1/3 of a rectangle, and then find 2/5 of the 1/3. They will identify the fraction of a fraction by shading in the required area.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (Z) Multiplying Fractions (Grades 7-8) In order to multiply fractions, we must multiply the numerators and denominators separately then reduce the fraction to its lowest terms. In this video, students will learn how to first multiply the numerator and then the denominator. It is recommeded that students have a good understanding of how to reduce fractions (the video is in this section) before participating in this video lesson.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (Z2) Multiplying Negative Fractions (Grades 7-8) To multiply fractions, multiply the numerators and denominators separately, then reduce to lowest terms. Multiplying negative fractions is similar to multiplying negative integers, that is, the same signs yield a positive answer and different signs yield a negative answer.
FRACTIONS - Lesson (Z3) Multiplying Fractions - Cancellation Method (Grades 7-8) The Cancellation Method suggests that when the numerator of one fraction and the denominator of another fraction have a common factor, we can reduce those numbers by that common factor. Students must know how to find common factors and multiply fractions before watching this lesson.
INTEGERS - Lesson (A) Introduction to Integers (Grade 7) Integers are positive and negative numbers, including zero. In this lesson, students will learn that integers can be seen on a number line with all the negative numbers to the left of zero and all the positive numbers to the right of zero. Numbers towards the left, regardless if they are positive or negative, are always less than numbers to the right.
INTEGERS - Lesson (B) Adding Integers (Grade 7) In this lesson, students will learn how to add integers. They will learn that when there are 2 signs that are the same (e.g. negative and negative, positive and positive), they count towards the right on the number line. If the 2 signs are different (e.g. negative and positive, positive and negative), then they count towards the left on the number line.
INTEGERS - Lesson (C) Subtracting Integers (Grades 7-8) In this lesson, students will learn that when there are 2 different signs in a subtraction equation with integers, they are to move towards the left on the number line. If the signs are the same, they should move to the right. For example, in the question (-2)-(-5),students would start at -2 on the number line and move 5 spaces to the right (because we are subtracting a negative and the signs are the same) to get +3.
INTEGERS - Lesson (D) Multiplying Integers (Grades 7-8) In this lesson, students will learn simple strategies to multiply integers. Students will learn to first multiply the numbers in the question, then determine which sign will be used for the answer. If the signs in the question are the same (e.g. both positive or both negative) then the answer will be positive. If the signs in the question or different, the answer will be negative.
INTEGERS - Lesson (E) Dividing Integers (Grades 7-8) The rule for dividing integers is to first do the division, then figure out the sign. The answer is always positive (+) if the signs in the question are the same (i.e. a positive dividided by a positive or a negative divided by a negative). The answer is always negative (-) if the signs in the question are different (i.e. negative divided by a positive or positive divided by a negative).
INTEGERS - Lesson (F) Opposite Integers and Zero Principle (Grades 7-8) Opposite integers are two integers that are the same distance away from zero (e.g. +4 and -4, +10 and -10, +83 and -83, +268 and -268). The zero principle says that when we add two opposite integers, we get a sum of zero. For example, (+4)+(-4) =0, (+12)+(-12)=0, (+38)+(-38)=0. We can take an equation such as (+2)+(+2)+(-2)=? and see that we have opposite integers (+2) and (-2). Since the zero principle says that (+2)+(-2)=0, then we are left with (+2) as our answer.
INTEGERS - Lesson (G) Addition with Opposite Integers (Grades 7-8) We already know that (-4)+(+4)=0 because (-4) and (+4) are opposite integers, they cancel each other out. We can combine values to make pairs of opposite integers in order to add. For example, in the equation (-2)+(-4)+(+6)+(+3), we can add (-2) and (-4) to get (-6). Now we have the equation (-6)+(+6)+(+3). We can cancel (-6) and (+6) because they are opposite integers. We are then left with the answer of +3.
INTEGERS - Lesson (H) Order of Operations with Integers (Grades 7-8) In this lesson, students will learn to solve integer problems using BEDMAS (Brackets,Exponents,Division,Multiplication,Addition,Subtraction). Students will learn how to follow BEDMAS and to be aware of integer signs (i.e. positive and negative) during calculations.
MONEY - Lesson (A) Representing Money to 20 Cents (Grade 1) In this lesson, students will learn the denominations of coins and use them to represent 20 cents. Students will be able to create 20 cents in two ways using pennies, nickels, and dimes. This lesson requires addition skills and some background knowledge of coins. If students are not familiar with pennies, nickels and dimes, they should watch this video several times go grasp the concept.
MONEY - Lesson (B) Estimating and Counting Coins Up To $1 (Grade 2) This lesson teaches students how to count coins up to $1 by starting off with larger coins (i.e. quarters and dimes) and adding smaller coins until they reach the required amount. For example, to count coins up to 83 cents, students will learn to start off with 3 quarters (they will be shown to try 2 and 4 quarters first) to get 75 cents. Then, they will add a nickel to get 80 cents, and finally 3 pennies to reach 83 cents. Good addition skills and an understanding of currency is beneficial for this lesson.
MONEY - Lesson (C) Estimating and Counting Money up to $10 (Grades 2-3) Students are taught how to count both U.S. and Canadian denominations up to $10. They are shown how to count money amounts by starting with the dollar value and then figuring out the cent values. They are also taught how to estimate money by rouding to the nearest dollar and/or 50 cents.
MULTIPLES - Multiples (Grade 7) In this lesson students will learn that a multiple is the product of a whole number when multiplied by another whole number. The multiples of 2 are: 2,4,6,8,10,12... A least common multiple (LCM) is the lowest multiple that two or more numbers have in common. For example, the multiples of 2 are 2,4,6,8,10,12 and the multiples of 5 are 5,10,15,20. We can see that the number 10 is the lowest number that is a multiple of 2 and 5. So, 10 is the LCM of 2 and 5.
MULTIPLICATION - Lesson (A) Multiplying Using Pictures (Grades 2-3) This is a great lesson for students to learn multiplication skills. The video shows students how to group shapes and multiply the number of shapes by the number of groups (e.g. 3 groups of stars each have 4 stars in the group...so 3 x 4 = 12). It is also a great strategy for students to use if they require practice improving their multiplication skills.
MULTIPLICATION - Lesson (B) Multiplication Facts to 12 x 12 (Grades 1-3) This is a great lesson for young students to learn their multiplication tables up to 12 x 12. This video doesn't contain any instruction, rather it shows students how to use the printouts (that accompany this video) to memorize multiplication facts.
MULTIPLICATION - Lesson (C) Multiplying and Dividing by 10, 100, and 1000 (Grade 4) This lesson demonstrates to students that when multiplying by 10, 100, and 1000, the number of zeros in the question (e.g. 56 x 100 has 2 zeros) determines the number of zeros in the answer (e.g. 5600). When dividing by 10, 100, or 1000, students will learn that the decimal place moves over to the left (in the answer) the same number of spaces as there are zeros in the question (e.g. 456.7 divided by 100 = 4.567). This lesson furthers student understanding of multiplication and division.
MULTIPLICATION - Lesson (D) Multiplying a 2-Digit Number by a 1- Digit Number (Grade 4) This video lesson introduces junior students to multiplying 2-digit numbers. The clear instruction in this video emphasizes the concept of "carrying" a number. Students are able to practice multiplying 2-digit numbers with the worksheet provided with this lesson.
MULTIPLICATION - Lesson (E) Multiplying a 3-Digit Number by a 1-Digit Number (Grades 4-5) This video lesson show students how to multiply a 3-digit number by a 1-digit number. The clear instruction in this video emphasizes the concept of "carrying" a number. Students are able to practice multiplying 3-digit numbers with the worksheet provided with this lesson.
MULTIPLICATION - Lesson (F) Multiplying a 3-Digit Number by a 2-Digit Number (Grades 5-6) This lesson incorporates a few key concepts in multiplication. The video focuses on carrying numbers when multiplying and adding a zero when multiplying the second digit. Students are reminded that when they are multiplying the second number in the question, they should add a zero in order to line up the equation properly.
MULTIPLICATION - Lesson (G) Multiplying Using Expanded Form (Grades 4-5) Expanded form is a great way for students to solve multiplication questions. It is also a big confidence booster for students who find multiplication challenging. This video teaches students how to solve multiplication problems by breaking up difficult numbers (e.g. 5 x 27, we would break it up into 5 x 20 + 5 x 7...=100 + 35 = 135) and using numbers that end in zeros.
NUMBERS - Lesson (A) Ordering Numbers to 50 (Grades 1-3) This lesson teaches students how to find the missing number on an ordered number line up to 50. They are shown the strategy of finding the missing numbers by looking for the given numbers in a chart. This skill will help students with addition and subtraction facts up to 50 as well.
NUMBERS - Lesson (B) Ordering Numbers to 100 (Grades 1-3) This lesson teaches students how to find the missing number on an ordered number line. They are shown the strategy of finding the missing numbers by looking for the given numbers in a chart (e.g. if 46 and 48 are given in the number line, students can look at the chart and find that 47 is in the middle of 46 and 48).
NUMBERS - Lesson (C) Ordering Numbers to 1000 (Grade 3) This lesson teaches students how to find the missing number on an ordered number line up to 1000. They are shown the strategy of finding the missing numbers by looking for the given numbers in a chart (e.g. if 4600 and 48 are given in the number line, students can look at the chart and find that 470 is in the middle of 460 and 480).
NUMBERS - Lesson (D) Multiplying by 10, 100, 1000, and 10 000 (Grade 4) This video lesson shows students how to follow the rule of multiplying by bases of 10 (i.e. 10, 100, 1000, 10 000). Since many students have difficulty with multiplication, they can gain a solid base by learning to multiply by bases of ten. The rule is simple. Count the number of zeros there are in the question and put the same number of zeros in the answer. Learning how to move decimals is another method but the one in this video is easier to grasp.
NUMBERS - Lesson (E) Writing to 10 000 (Grade 4) In this lesson, students are taught to write numbers up to 10 000 in standard form, expanded form, expanded form with words, and words. They are taught the differences between these forms when writing numbers. The focus of the lesson is directed towards the place value of the numbers (e.g. In the number 5783, the five is in the thousands column, the 7 is in the hundreds...). Students are shown to include hyphens when writing certain numbers (e.g. thirty-five, seventy-two) and to omit the word 'and' when writing numbers (e.g. two thousand three hundred fifty-four). This lesson supports the understanding of place value and numerical spelling skills.
NUMBERS - Lesson (F) Writing to 100 000 (Grade 5) In this lesson, students are taught to write numbers up to 100 000 in standard form, expanded form, expanded form with words, and words. They are taught the differences between these forms when writing numbers. The focus of the lesson is directed towards the place value of the numbers (e.g. In the number 65 783, the six is in the hundred thousands column, the 5 is in the thousands...). Students are shown to include hyphens when writing certain numbers (e.g. thirty-five, seventy-two) and to omit the word 'and' when writing numbers (e.g. two thousand three hundred fifty-four). This lesson supports the understanding of place value and numerical spelling skills.
NUMBERS - Lesson (G) Writing Greater Than 100 000 (Grades 5) In this lesson, students are taught to write numbers greater than 100 000 in standard form, expanded form, and words. They are taught the differences between these forms when writing numbers. The focus of the lesson is directed towards the place value of the numbers (i.e. they will learn to add in place value for the hundred thousands column). Students are shown to include hyphens when writing certain numbers (e.g. thirty-five, seventy-two) and to omit the word 'and' when writing numbers (e.g. two thousand three hundred fifty-four). This lesson supports the understanding of place value and numerical spelling skills.
NUMBERS - Lesson (H) Comparing (Grade 5) This video lesson teaches students how to compare numbers and determine which large numbers are greater or less than the other. The main idea in this lesson is for the student to look at the largest place value digit first (e.g. in 84 350, the 8 is in the ten thousands place) and compare it to the largest place value digit in the other number. If the digits are the same (i.e. both 8's), then the student is taught to look at the next digit and so on, until there is a difference. This lesson will teach students how to instinctively scan numbers in order to determine which are greater or less than in amounts.
NUMBERS - Lesson (I) Rounding to Nearest 100, 1000, 10000 (Grade 5) Rounding numbers is an important math skill that also helps students learn how about place value and estimating quantities. This lesson teaches students how to round numbers correctly by determining if they should round up or down. Students are shown repeatedly througout the video that if a number is '0-4 round to the floor', '5 and up round up'. Rounding and estimating are life skills that are required when making purchases and estimating amounts without having to make exact calculations.
NUMBERS - Lesson (J) Prime and Composite Numbers (Grade 7) In this lesson students will learn the difference between prime and composite numbers. A prime number is a number that has only two factors: 1 and itself. For example, 11 is a prime number because its only factors are 1 and 11. A composite number is a number that has more than two factors. For example, 12 is a composite number because its factors are 1,2,3,4,6, and 12. Students should watch and participate in the video on factors prior to watching this video.
ORDER OF OPERATIONS - Introduction to Order of Operations (Grades 7-8) BEDMAS(Brackets,Exponents,Division,Multiplication,Addition,Subtraction) is the acronym for carrying out the correct order of operations in a math equation. In this lesson, students will learn how to use BEDMAS to solve equations properly. In the video, students are shown to follow BEDMAS every time they have completed an operation (i.e. they will follow BEDMAS at every line until they get the answer).
PERCENT - Percent Problems (Grades 7-8) To solve a percent problem, you simply multiply. For example, to find 20% of 50, you multiply 50 x .2 or to find 15% of 45 you multiply 45 x .15. Students will learn in this video that if they have 2 digits to the right of the decimal in the question (e.g. .15, .22, .75) then they should have 2 digits to the right of the decimal in the answer. The same goes for 1 digit and 3 digits.
PLACE VALUE - Lesson (A) Place Value, 10's and 1's (Grades 1-3) In this video, students will learn the place value of ones and tens digits. Students will see that a number such as 4, or 5, is in the ones column. A number that has two digits such as 25 or 38 has numbers in both the ones and tens column. Students will learn that the number to the right is in the ones column and the number to the left is in the tens column.
PLACE VALUE - Lesson (B) Place Value up to 100's (Grade 3) In the number 253, the 2 is in the hundreds column, the 5 is in the tens column and the 3 is in the ones column. Students will learn that two three numbers have digits in the hundreds, tens and ones places.
PLACE VALUE - Lesson (C) Place Value up to 100 Million (Grade 6) This math lesson reinforces place value skills and helps students understand how to read numbers correctly. Students are shown how to place very large numbers into groups called periods. The three periods (or groups) are the Ones, Thousands, and Millions. These periods are further divided up into columns: ones, tens, and hundreds. For example, in the number 8 492 160, the 8 would be in the 'ones' column in the millions period. The 9 would be in the tens column in the thousands period, and so on. Learning to read numbers is an important numeration skill that students need for real life application. This lesson breaks down large numbers so that students can gain a better understanding towards reading numbers.
POWERS - Lesson (A) Introduction to Powers (Grade 7) A power is a number expression that shows repeated multiplication (e.g. 5 x 5 x 5 can be represented as 5 to the power of 3. In this lesson, students will learn how to write numbers a powers, use powers to represent multiplication patterns, and identify the base and exponent.
POWERS - Lesson (B) Expanded Form and Scientific Notation (Grade 8) Scientific notation is a way of writing a decimal number with the power of 10. Expanded form shows the value of each digit as a power of 10. In this lesson, students will learn how to write whole numbers in scientific notation. They will also learn how to expand whole numbers using powers to show the value for each digit. Students should have a solid understanding of place value and powers before watching this lesson.
POWERS - Lesson (C) Multiplying Powers (High School - Grade 9) In this lesson, students will learn that when they multiply a base number with a power, the product results in the same base with the sum of the powers. That is, we keep the same base but we add the exponents.
POWERS - Lesson (D) Dividing Powers (High School - Grade 9) In this lesson, students will learn that when they divide a base number with a power, the quotient (the answer of a division question) results in the same base with the difference (the result of subtraction) of the powers. That is, we keep the same base but we subtract the exponents.
POWERS - Lesson (E) Powers Raised to an Exponent (High School - Grade 9) When we have a power raised to an exponent, the result is the same base raised to the product (a product is the result of multiplication) of the two exponents. That is, we keep the same base and multiply the exponents.
POWERS - Lesson (F) Zero and Negative Exponents (High School - Grade 9) The rule for zero exponents states that any base raised to the power of zero equals 1. In this video, students will also learn that when a base has a negative exponent (e.g. base of 9 and exponent of -2), the answer is written as 1 over the base with a positive exponent. Students will also learn that when a fraction has a negative power, the fraction must be inverted (i.e. the reciprocal) with a positive base. Negative base numbers with negative exponents will result in a fraction of 1 over the negative base with a positive exponent.
RATE - Introduction to Rate (Grades 7-8) A rate is a comparison of two quantities measured in different types of units (e.g. $7/hr, 30 km/hr, $6/can). In this lesson, students will learn how to calculate rate by using division. For example, $75 earned in 3 hours can be calculated by 75/3 = 25. The answer would be $25/hr.
RATIOS - Lesson (A) Introduction to Ratios (Grades 4-6) A ratio is a statement of how two numbers compare. It is a comparison of the size of one number to the size of another number. This lesson introuduces students to the concept of ratio. For example, 3 black circles to 5 white circles would be represented as the ratio 3 : 5.
RATIOS - Lesson (B) Equivalent Ratios (Grades 5-6) In this math lesson, students will learn how to calculate an equivalent ratio. They are taught that a ratio such as 3:5 has an equivalent ratio of 6:10 (by multiplying both the 3 and the 5 by 2), or 15:25 (multiply both the 3 and 5 by 5). Students can multiply by any numbers to get equivalent fractions. This video shows examples of greater equivalent ratios (using multiplication) and reduced equivalent ratios (using division).
RATIOS - Lesson (C) Equivalent Ratios (Grade 7) A ratio is a way to compare two or more numbers. For example, 4 apples to 2 bananas can be written as a ratio 4:2. Equivalent ratios are two or more ratios that represent the same comparison. For example, 1:3 and 2:6 are equivalent because we multiply 1 x 2 = 2 and 3 x 2 = 6. Also, 5:7 and 15:21 are equivalent ratios because we multiplied both 5 and 7 by 3. We can also divide to get equivalent ratios. For example, 25:20 and 5:4 are equivalent because we divide both sides by 5.
RATIOS - Lesson (D) Ratio Scale Factor and Proportion (Grades 7-8) A proportion is a number sentence that shows two equivalent ratios (e.g. 4:3 = 12:9). A scale factor is a number that you can multiply or divide to get an equivalent ratio. For example, in 4:3 = 12:9 we multiply the 4 x 3 to get 12, and 3 x 3 = 9. Since we multiplied both numbers in the first ratio by 3 to get the other numbers in the second ratio, the scale factor is 3. If we started off with 12:9 = 4:3 we can say that we divided by 3, and our scale factor would still be 3.
SQUARE ROOTS - Introduction to Square Roots (Grades 7-8) A square root is an equal factor of a number. If you were trying to find the square root of 16, ask yourself, what number times itself is 16? The answer is 4 because 4 x 4 = 16. In this lesson students will also learn how to find the square roots of large numbers by using estimation strategies.
SUBTRACTION - Lesson (A) Subtracting Without Borrowing (Grades 1-3) This video introduces students to subtraction with 2-digit numbers. Students are reminded that when subtracting, we always start on the right (in the 1's column) side.
SUBTRACTION - Lesson (B) Subtraction With Borrowing (Grades 2-3) It is recommended that students watch Subtraction-Lesson (A) before watching this video. In this lesson, students are still reminded to begin subtraction on the right side (the 1's column). This video emphasizes that if the number on the bottom of the subtraction problem is greater than the number on the top, we must borrow from the next column (the next column is always the column to the left).
SUBTRACTION - Lesson (C) Subtracting 3 Digit Numbers (Grades 2-3) Students must be proficient at subtracting 2 digit numbers and have a good understanding of place value before watching this video. In this lesson, students will apply the same skills as they did when subtracting 2 digit numbers. In this lesson, students will be reminded of place value concepts and they will be reminded to line up the numbers in the correct columns when subtracting.
SUBTRACTION - Lesson (D) Subtracting Mentally (Grades 4-5) In this video, students will learn how to subtract mentally. They will learn to subtract 2-digit numbers without borrowing, and without using a pencil nor a calculator.

Patterning / Algebra
ALGEBRA - Lesson (A) Finding Unknown Numbers (Grade 4) This introduction lesson to algebra uses basic math principles. Students are given an equation (e.g. ? x 3 = 27) and are asked to find the missing number. In some cases, students are taught to think backwards, for example, in the equation 55 = 40 + ?, students are told to ask themselves " ? + 40 = 55". This is an important first lesson for students to introduce themselves to many algebraic lessons in the years to come.
ALGEBRA - Lesson (B) Finding Numbers Using Variables (Grades 5-6) This lesson introduces students to variables which are letters that are used to show amounts. In this math video, students will learn how to find unknown numbers using variables in equations. For example, in the equation y + 5 = 10, students will learn to isolate the y by moving the 5 to the other side of the equal sign (y = 10 - 5). In doing so, students are strongly reminded to change the sign (e.g. x, /, -, +) to its opposite sign when moving numbers across the equal sign. The equation y + 5 = 10 becomes y = 10 - 5 and then y = 5.
ALGEBRA - Lesson (C) Introduction to Algebraic Expressions (Grades 7-8) In this lesson, students will learn how to use variables in algebraic equations. Students will learn how to substitute numbers for variables. This lesson is a good introduction for students to learn how to solve algebraic expressions with variables.
ALGEBRA - Lesson (D) Solving Equations by Inspection (Grade 7) An equation is a math statement where the value on the left side of the equal sign is the same as the value on the right side (e.g. 2 + 1 = 3). A solution to an equation is the value of the variable (usually the letter) in an equation that makes the equation true (e.g. 2 + x = 3 therefore x = 1). This lesson teaches students how to solve equations by inspecting the equation and solving for the variable.
ALGEBRA - Lesson (E) Solving Equations by Systematic Trial (Grades 7-8) When we solve an equation by systematic trial, we are guessing several times what the variable might be. In the equation 2y-1=5 we can guess what number y can be. If we guess that it is 2, we then substitute y for 2 and solve ( 2 x 2 -1 = 3). If the answer is too low, we can try a larger number. If we guess that it is 4, we can try again ( 2 x 4 -1 =7). If the number is too high, we must try to find a number between 2 and 4 and substitute it for y. If we use 3, we can see that 2 x 3 -1 = 5 is correct.
ALGEBRA - Lesson (F) Solving Algebraic Expressions with 2 Variables (Grades 7-8) In this lesson, students are taught how to solve algebraic expressions by knowing the value of two variables. We can solve the expression 2b + 3y when we know that b=4 and y=5. When we substitute the variables with the values given, we know that 2(4) + 3(5) = 8 + 15 = 23.
ALGEBRA - Lesson (G) Solving Equations by Graphing (Grades 7-8) This lesson shows students how to take an algebraic equation (e.g. 3y+2=11), complete a table with missing values, and create a graph showing the algebraic expression. Students will use the algebraic equation to figure out the missing values and then plot those values on a line graph.
ALGEBRA - Lesson (I) General Terms of Sequences (Grade 8) In the algebraic expression '3n + 4' the letter n can represent any term. It is called the nth term or general term. For example, to find the 5th term, we substitute the letter n with the number 5: 3(5) + 4 = 15 + 4 = 19. In this lesson, students will learn how to use general terms to find the missing number in a sequence.
ALGEBRA - Lesson (J) Variables and Equations - Substitution (Grades 7-8) In this lesson, students will learn how to substitute values for variables in equations. Students will be given a numerical value for a variable (e.g. y = 6). They will then substitute the variable (e.g. y) for the value (e.g. 6) in the equation.
ALGEBRA - Lesson (K) Solving Problems with Variables (Grades 7-8) In this video lesson, students will learn how to solve language based problems by finding unknown numbers. Students will learn how to write an equation using numbers and a variable, and find the missing number. It is recommended that students watch the video 'Algebra Lesson (J)' before watching this lesson.
PATTERNING - Lesson (G) Number Patterns (Grade 4) This lesson introduces junior (grades 4-6) students to number patterns. This video shows the three types of patterns: Growing Patterns, Shrinking Patterns, and Repeating Patterns. Students will learn how to find the pattern rule (e.g. in 3,6,9 the rule is start with 3 and add 3)and list the next three terms (e.g. in 3,6,9 the next three terms would be 12, 15, 18). Growing patterns can involve addition or multiplication. Shrinking patterns can include subtraction or division. Repeating patterns simply repeat.
PATTERNING - Lesson (H) 2-D Patterns and T-Charts (Grades 4-5) This video lesson teaches students how to organize a t-chart in order to record a 2-D pattern. Students will begin to see how shapes can be organized in patterns as well as how these patterns can be placed numerically in a chart.
PATTERNING - Lesson (I) Patterns and Measurement (Grades 5-6) In this math lesson, students will learn how to find patterns in measurements. Students are presented with a table (a table is a chart with 3 or more columns) and several measurments. It is important for students to pay attention to the first row of the table because it will state the measurements needed for 1 category. If students know what ingredients are needed for the 1st category (e.g. ingredients for 1 class) then they can determine how many ingredients are needed for the following rows. Students are also challenged to find out recipes for 1/2 of a category (i.e. they have to find the first row and divide it in half). Finally, students are asked to write the pattern rule for each ingredient.
PATTERNING - Lesson (J) Pattern Relationship Rules (Grade 6) This lesson explains Recursive and Explicit pattern rules and Common differences within rules. The main idea of this lesson is to teach students to find a term (e.g. 3,5,7,9 are all terms in the pattern, 3 is the first term, 5 is the second etc...) without listing all the terms in the pattern. For example, in the pattern 3,6,9,12, students will learn how to find the 37th term (or any term for that matter). They must follow the forumula: term= first term + (term number - 1) x (common difference). This formula is demonstrated two times in this video.
PATTERNING - Lesson (K) Advanced Pattern Rules (Grade 6) This advanced junior lesson shows students how to figure out complex pattern rules. The video demonstrates the starting point for thinking through these types of problems. Students are given clues to solve the problem such as "Start with 3, add____, multiply by ___". It is suggested that they fill in the blanks starting with a 2 and a 2, and then try to plot different numbers to fit the pattern. It is not an easy concept to grasp. The worksheet provides students the opportunity to solve 4 problems independently.
PATTERNING - Lesson (L) Fibonacci Sequence (Grades 7-8) The Fibonacci sequence is a number pattern that goes like this: 1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34... Starting from the 3rd number, each term (the term is the number in the sequence) is the sum of the two preceding terms. For example, 1+1=2,2+1=3,2+3=5 and so on. This video shows students how to use the Fibonacci sequence to find the next numbers in the sequence pattern. Students are also shown that they can find another pattern by using any four consecutive numbers in the sequence.
PATTERNING - Lesson (M) Patterning Rules (Grade 7) A sequence is a list of numbers that are in logical order or follow a pattern (e.g. 2,4,6,8). A term is one number in a sequence (e.g. in 2,4,6,8, the 2 is the first term, the 4 is the second term, and so on..). The pattern rule in 2,4,6,8 is to add by 2. Pattern rules can involve addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, decimals, or any 2 operations (e.g. multiplication and addition.
PATTERNING - Lesson (N) Tables to Represent Sequences (Grade 7) In this lesson, students will learn how to find the missing term value of a term sequence by finding the pattern rule. For example, in the number sequence 2,4,6,8, the first term is 2, the second term is 4, and so on. The relationship between term 1 and its value, 2, is 1 x 2 = 2. The relationship between term 2 and its value, 4, is 2 x 2 = 4. So, we can conclude that the number pattern in the term number x 2. To find out the 7th term, we simply multiply it by 2 to get the term value of 14.
PATTERNING - Lesson (O) Solving Problems Using Tables (Grades 7-8) This lesson teaches students how to use patterns in a table in order to solve word problems. The key to this lesson is to read the question carefully and use the categories 'term number' and 'term value' in a table.
PATTERNING - Lesson (P) Number Sequences and Scatter Plots (Grades 7-8) When drawing a scatter plot for a number sequence, place the term number on the x-axis(the bottom), and the term value on the y-axis (the side). In this lesson, students will learn how to find the algebraic expression in order to plot a number sequence as a scatter plot.

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